Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi

The aim of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters is to contribute to the training of qualified researchers that our country needs by increasing the quality of undergraduate and graduate education. In order to maintain this understanding, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters aims to educate high-qualified professionals, researchers, experts and scientists who equip its students with the knowledge and skills they will need at a universal level, have critical thinking, can conduct research and produce projects on a universal scale, offer the produced projects to the service of the society, and has chosen to be an institution that takes part in providing university-society and university-industry cooperation. In this direction, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD), which was established within it, values excellence, cooperation, harmony, effectiveness and innovation in order to realize the mission of your faculty.

The publications in the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University (KMU EFAD) will contribute to the Social and Human Sciences theoretically and methodically, and will provide an environment for research to reach the international level. In this process, our journal aims to bring new perspectives and approaches to research on Social Sciences.

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) is a national, academic, peer-reviewed and online journal that includes original and compilation scientific research articles in the fields of social sciences and humanities, established in 2018. KMU EFAD is published twice a year, in June and December. The publication language of KMU EFAD is Turkish. Research articles that are requested to be published in the journal must be prepared in accordance with KMU EFAD's editorial policy and spelling rules and delivered to the editorial group.

Writing Rules

1. KMU EFAD EDITORIAL RULES

• Articles and studies that are planned to be sent to KMU EFAD Journal must not have been previously published or sent for publication.

• In the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD), primarily original research, original compilations, extended papers, original translations, book reviews, reviews, opinions and letters to the editor are published in Turkish in the field of social and human sciences.

• Studies submitted to the KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) are examined carefully and objectively by the editorial group at the first stage. If the articles sent to KMU EFAD do not comply with the spelling rules, the editorial group can directly reject the submitted articles. If the articles are prepared in accordance with the publishing and writing rules of KMU EFAD, they are sent to three referees with the "double-blind" technique. Upon the positive report of at least two of the three referees, the studies are published in the relevant issues after the necessary arrangements are made.

• In accordance with the “double-blinding” technique, the names and institutions of the authors are removed from the original text and sent to expert referees. Referee information is not shared with the authors, and author information is not shared with the referees under any circumstances.

• The referee evaluation process has been determined as a maximum of 30 days. Sent to the referee for evaluation; however, for the articles for which no feedback is provided, a referee is determined again and the referee process is started again for the study. The "Arbitration Board" membership of the referee who does not evaluate the work sent to him within the given time is evaluated by the journal management.

• The current status should be stated as a footnote under the first page of the studies that were supported by an institution or organization or prepared from Master's or Doctoral theses sent to the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD).

• When the articles submitted to the KMU Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) are sent to the authors for the necessary corrections after the referee process, the author cannot add or remove any size that will remain outside the referee's recommendations and change the original text.

• The final version of the articles sent to the KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) and approved for publication in line with the referee's recommendations is sent back to the author for review. After the author's control, the works whose referee process is completed are published on the basis of the date of arrival.

• All rights of the articles sent to the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD) are deemed to have been transferred to the journal by the author. For this process, a "Copyright Transfer Form" is requested from the author. This form should be uploaded to the Dergipark application system with the article.

• The responsibility (scientific ethics, plagiarism, etc.) of the articles sent to the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD) rests with the author or authors unilaterally. EFAD cannot be put under any obligation in this regard.

• Articles sent to KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) are scanned with plagiarism detection programs called "iThenticate" or "Turnitin". In cases where the plagiarism rate is exceeded, the Editor group retains the authority to take the necessary sanctions. Studies may be rejected for this reason.

• Please note that works that do not comply with the rules mentioned above will not be evaluated under any circumstances.

• You can send your articles to be published in the KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) at https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/efad.

2. KMU EFAD WRITING AND REFERENCES RULES

The rules to be followed regarding references, citations, in-text references and citations used and to be used in the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University (KMU EFAD) have been prepared on the basis of the APA American Psychological Association (APA) system. For more detailed information and spelling rules, the website of APA (http://www.apastyle.org) can be visited.

• The articles to be sent to the journal are in A4 size in Word file; 2 cm from the top. and 1.5 cm from the bottom. 1.5 cm from left and right. should be prepared accordingly.

• Articles should be written in Times New Roman font and with single line spacing. The title of the article (in Turkish and English) should be short, not exceeding 15 words, and should cover the subject, the words should be written in capital letters, 12 points and bold.

• The “summary” part of the article should be prepared in Turkish and English, with a minimum of 200 and a maximum of 350 words, reflecting the purpose, method and findings of the research. If the language of the article is Turkish, “Abstract” should come first, if it is in a foreign language, “Abstract”. Keywords should consist of at least 3 and at most 5 words.

• Author names are left blank after the title of the article, and the initials of the name(s) are capitalized in 12 font size and bold; my genealogy should be written in all capital letters. Author names should be placed aligned on the right side of the page. Academic titles and other consideration

2.1. Bibliography Examples

Single Author Journal Article

Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Article name. Journal Name, volume (issue), page numbers.

Irzik, G. (1990). Karl Popper's theory of three worlds and the objectivity of scientific knowledge. Philosophy Debates, 7, 45-57.

In-text: (Irzık, 1990: 55) Footnote: Irzık, 1990: 55

Journal Article with Two Authors

Surname, A. & Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Article name. Journal Name, volume (issue), page numbers.

Wegener, D.T. & Petty, R.E. (1994). Mood management across affective states: The hedonic contingency hypothesis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 66, 1034–1048.

In-text: (Wegener and Petty, 1994: 1042) Footnote: Wegener and Petty, 1994: 1042

Journal Articles with Three or more Authors

Surname, A., Surname, A., Surname, A., Surname, A. & Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Article name. Journal Name, volume (issue), page numbers.

Kandır, Y.S., Karadeniz, E., Özmen, M. and Önal, B.Ö. (2008). Investigation of the effects of growth indicators in the Turkish tourism sector on the financial performance of tourism enterprises. Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 1 (10), 211-237.

In-text: (Kandır et al., 2008: 220) Footnote: Kandır et al., 2008: 220

Journal Articles in Press

Surname, A. & Surname, A. (in publication). Article name. Journal Name.

Zuckermctn, M. & Kieffer, S.C. (in publication). Racial differences in facial expression: Does facial prominence indicate superiority? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

In-text: (Zuckermctn and Kieffer, y.a.) Footnote: Zuckermctn and Kieffer, y.a.

Single Author Books

Author, A. (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.

Musmal, H. (2009). The Antiquities Policy of the Ottoman Empire, The Case of Konya Province (1876-1914). Konya, Kömen Publications.

In-text: (Muşmal, 2009: 45) Footnote: Musmal, 2009: 45

Books with Three or more Authors

Author, A., Author, B., Author, C., Author, D., Author, E. & Author, E. (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.

Çevik, O., Doğanay, T. & Karaçayır, E. (2017). Social and Economic Profile of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Students. Ankara, Murat Bookstore.

In-text: (Çevik et al., 2017: 45) Footnote: Çevik et al., 2017: 45

Edited Books

Author, A. & Author, B. (Ed.). (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.

Gibbs, I.T. & Huang, L. N. (Ed.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass.

In-text: (Gibbs & Huang, 1991) Footnote: Gibbs & Huang, 1991

Books with Legal Entity (Institution) Authorship

Legal entity, (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.

Turkish Language Institution, (2017). Turkish dictionary. Ankara, Turkish Language Institution.

In-text: (Turkish Language Institution, 2017: 15-18) Footnote: Turkish Language Institution, 2017: 15-18

Books Without Authors

Book title (Print number) (Publication Year). Place of publication, Publisher.

Cambridge Turkish-English Dictionary (1st Ed.) (1985), Istanbul, Cambridge.

In-text: (Cambridge, 2000: 45) Footnote: Cambridge, 2000: 45

Translation Books

Author, A. (Year of Publication). Book title, (A. Surname, Trans.). Place of publication, Publisher, (The publication year of the reference work).

Danermark, B., Karlosson, J.C., Jakobsen, L. & Ekstrom, M. (2018). Explaining Society: Critical Realism in Social Sciences, (Ü. Tatlıcan, Trans.). Istanbul, Phoenix, (2001).

In-text: (Danermark et al., 2018: 65) Footnote: Danermark et al., 2018: 65

Chapter or Article in an Edited Book

Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Publication name. A. Editor (Jun./Ed.), Title of the book Inside (pp. page numbers of the publication), Place of publication, Publisher.

Cakir, M. (2016). Analysis of Policy Promises for Young Individuals in Election Proceedings. NETWORK. Baran & M. Çakır (Ed.), The Hope of Youth with an Interdisciplinary Approach Within Society's Expectations (pp. 107-125), Ankara, Hacettepe University Press.

In-text: (Çakır, 2016: 108-109) Footnote: Çakır, 2016: 108-109

Dictionary or Encyclopedia

Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Name of Dictionary or Encyclopedia (Print number, Volume number). Place of publication, Publisher.

Sadie, S. (Ed.). (1980). The new Grove dictionary of music and musicians (6. Bs., C. 1-20). London, Macmillan.

Gurun, O.A. (2001). Dictionary of Psychology (2nd ed., Vol. 1-3). Istanbul, Revolution.

Article in the Encyclopedia

Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Substance name. Encyclopedia Name (Print number, Volume number, Page number). Place of publication, Publisher.

Bergmann, P.G. (1993). Relativity. The new encyclopaedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Öncül, R. (2000). Psychology. Education and educational sciences dictionary (C. 1, pp. 501-503). Istanbul, National Education.

Note: If there is no author, bring the article to the beginning.

Published - Paper

Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Paper Name. A. Editor (Jun./Ed.), in the title of the book (page numbers), Place of Publication, Publisher.

Aircraft, N. (2005). Production, Access and Use of Knowledge in Social Sciences. O. Horata (Jun.), Periodicals in Social Sciences and Information Technologies Symposium: April 2, 2005 – Ankara: In Proceedings (pp. 92-103), Ankara, New Eurasia.

In-text: (Uçak, 2005: 96) Footnote: Aircraft, 2005: 96

Unpublished - Paper

Speaker, A. (Month Year). Paper name. Meeting Name, information presented in Meeting Place

Undated, Authorless Website

The name of the resource. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.

TMMOBB Chamber of Mechanical Engineers Library Catalog Scan (n.d.). Retrieved 8 August 2000 from http://kutuphane.mmo.org.tr/tarama.php?hit=1.

Unpublished Doctorate / Master's / Proficiency in Art Theses
Surname, A. (Year). Thesis Name. Unpublished master's/doctoral thesis/proficiency in arts, Name of University, City.
Akkas, I. (2020). Roman and Early Byzantine/Late Roman Period trade relations in the Ancient City of Parion in the light of amphora finds between 2008-2019. Unpublished doctoral thesis, Mersin University, Mersin.
Özkaya Karaismailoğlu, A. (2006). Power debates in social theory; Marx, Nietzsche, Weber, Foucault. Unpublished master's thesis, Uludag University, Bursa.
In text: (Akkaş, 2020: 150-151) Footnote: Akkaş, 2020: 150-151

Anonymous
Anonymous, 1993. Summary of Agricultural Statistics. T.R. Prime Ministry State Institute of Statistics, Publication No: 1579, Ankara.

Internet Only Article
Author, A. (Month Year). Article name. Journal/Site Name, Issue. Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.
Fredrickson, B.L. (March 2000). Developing positive emotions to maximize health and well-being. Prevention&Treatment, 3, retrieved 20 November 2000 from http://:'journals.apa.org/volume3/pre301a.

Chapter or Section in an Internet Document
Document Name. (Month year). Chapter/Chapter name. Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.
Benton Foundation. (July 7, 1998). Barriers to closing the gap. Losing ground bit by bit: Low- income communities in the information age. Retrieved August 18, 2001 from http://www.benton.org/Library/Low-Income/two.html.

Undated, Authorless Website
The name of the resource. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.
TMMOBB Chamber of Mechanical Engineers Library Catalog Scan (n.d.). Retrieved 8 August 2000 from http://kutuphane.mmo.org.tr/tarama.php?hit=1.

Ethical Principles and Publication Policy

KMU EFAD
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES AND PUBLICATION POLICIES

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) has adopted the development and distribution of information in an impartial and respectful manner. During the publication process, the authors expect readers, researchers, publishers, referees and editors to comply with the principles of ethical rules. According to the open access guidelines published by Higher Education Institutions (YÖK) and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), these stakeholders should pay attention to the standard general and specific ethical rules and responsibilities shared below.

1. GENERAL ACTIONS AGAINST SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND PUBLICATION ETHICS

a) Plagiarism: Presenting the ideas, methods, data, practices, writings, figures or works of others as their own work, in whole or in part, without attribution, in accordance with scientific ethical rules,

b) Fraud: To produce data that is not based on research, to edit or change the presented or published work on the basis of untrue data, to report or publish these, to present an unstudied research as if it has been done,

c) Distortion: To falsify research records and obtained data, to present methods, devices and materials that are not used in the research as if they were used, not to evaluate the data that are not in accordance with the research hypothesis, to manipulate the data or results in order to fit the relevant theory or assumptions, in line with the interests of the people and organizations that receive support. falsify or shape research results,

d) Duplicate Publication: To present more than one work containing the same results of a research as separate works in associate professor examination evaluations and academic promotions,

e) Slicing: Presenting the results of a research as separate works in certain exam evaluations and academic incentives and promotions by dividing the results of a research in a way that violates the integrity of the research, by dividing it into parts inappropriately and by making multiple publications without reference to each other,

f) Unfair Authorship: Adding people who do not have an active contribution to the article authors, not including those who have active contributions among the authors, changing the order of authors unjustifiably and inappropriately, removing the names of those who contributed actively from the work during publication or in subsequent editions, using their influence even though they have no active contribution. to include his name among the authors,

g) Other Types of Ethical Violations: Not clearly stating the supporting persons, institutions or organizations and their contributions to the research in the publications of supported research, not following the ethical rules in research on humans and animals, not respecting the rights of patients in their publications, to share the information contained in the work with others before it is published, to misuse the resources, places, facilities and devices provided or reserved for scientific research, to accuse completely baseless, groundless and intentional ethical violations (YÖK Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, Article 8).

2. STAKEHOLDER RESPONSIBILITIES

a) Editors' Responsibilities

KMU EFAD editor and assistant editors, Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors (COPE) published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors) will provide the following ethical duties and responsibilities. :

- Editors are responsible for every publication published in KMU EFAD.

- Editors have the responsibility and authority to accept or reject articles. He has to use this responsibility and authority appropriately and on time.

- Editors should not have a conflict of interest regarding the articles they accept or reject.

- Editors should accept original articles that will contribute to the field.

- Editors should reject incomplete and erroneous research that does not comply with the journal policy, publication rules and level without any influence.

- Editors should allow incorrect, incomplete and problematic articles to be withdrawn before or after the referee's report, or to be published after they have been corrected.

- The editors ensure that the articles evaluated by at least two referees are evaluated according to the double-blind refereeing system and keep the referees confidential.

- Editors continue their business processes without compromising intellectual property rights and ethical standards.

- Editors take responsibility for plagiarism status of articles and unpublished original research through the “Turnitin and/or Ithenticate” plagiarism program.

- Editors take into account the knowledge, skills and experience that all readers, researchers and practitioners need.

- Editors take care that the published issues contribute to the reader, researcher, practitioner and scientific field, and that they are original.

- Editors ensure that all members of the advisory committee advance the processes in accordance with publication policies and guidelines.

- Editors inform the members of the advisory board about the publication policies.

- Editors allow advisory board members to evaluate their work independently.

- Editors can contribute to new advisory board members and make decisions accordingly.

- Editors should submit works that are appropriate to the expertise of advisory board members for consideration.

- Editors interact with the advisory board regularly.

- Editors hold regular meetings with the editorial board for editorial policies and journal development.

- The relationship between the editors (Editor and Associate Editors) and the publisher is based on the principle of editorial independence. According to the written agreement between the editors and the publisher, all decisions of the editors are independent of the publisher and the journal owner.

b) Responsibilities of Authors

- All data in the article must be declared as true and original.

- Plagiarism, errors, suspicious situations and suggested corrections must be made as a result of the preliminary evaluation or the referee evaluation. If it will not be done, the reason should be given in a consistent manner.

- The "References" of the article or research should be prepared completely and in accordance with the spelling rules of our journal.

- Plagiarism and fake data should be avoided.

- The research should not be allowed to be published in more than one journal.

c) Responsibilities of the Referees

The management of our journal is committed to the successful execution and improvement of the refereeing process within the framework of ethical publishing rules. We welcome the stakeholders and readers of the studies to report plagiarism, duplicate publications, inaccuracies, suspicious content or situations they see in the reviews published in the Journal of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters to efad@kmu.edu.tr. Informs the relevant parties about the data and results obtained on the subject and follows up. It is based on the referees' compliance with the following principles.

- Evaluations should be made impartially.

- There should be no conflict of interest between the reviewers and the stakeholders of the article.

- It should be pointed out that other articles, works, sources, citations, rules and similar deficiencies related to the article should be completed.

- Articles that have been evaluated based on the double-blind refereeing system or their referees are not disclosed.

3. PLAGIARISM POLICY

As of December 2018, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (EFAD) has started to check the studies submitted for publication through plagiarism programs (Turnitin or iThenticate). The author should also send the document showing the plagiarism rate with the work. Studies with a plagiarism rate of more than 15% (excluding references) are not evaluated and returned to the author. If a work published in the journal is found to be plagiarism, the Editorial Board reserves the right to take various actions, including retracting the article, reporting the issue to the department head, dean and/or relevant institutions in the institution where the author works.

4. OPEN ACCESS POLICY

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) provides open access for the continuous and free use of its content in order to increase the global exchange of information and produce beneficial results for humanity. In this context, all articles published in the journal are accessible at https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/efad/archive.

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) has adopted an open access policy with its publication. Open access increases the global exchange of information, resulting in beneficial results for humanity. KMU EFAD also supports the Budapest Open Access Initiative, adopted on 12 September 2012.

In this context, open access policies adopted by the editorial board of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) are available at http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/boai-10-translations/turkish-translation.

All articles published in the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University (KMU EFAD) are licensed under the "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative 4.0 International License". This license; grants the right to reproduce, share and disseminate all published articles, data sets, graphics and attachments on data mining applications, search engines, websites, blogs and all other platforms, provided that the source is cited. Open access is an approach that facilitates interdisciplinary communication and encourages different disciplines to work with each other. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) provides added value to its field by providing more access to its articles and a more transparent evaluation process.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) recommends that libraries include the content of the journal in the library catalog records within the scope of its open access policy.

The publisher of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) undertakes not to charge subscriptions or fees for accessing electronic articles published from any library or reader.

5. PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA

The editors ensure the protection of personal data related to the subjects or images included in the evaluated work. Those who contribute to the journal (editors, authors and referees) are given documents showing their contributions upon request.

6. ETHICS COMMITTEE, HUMAN AND ANIMAL RIGHTS

Editors ensure the protection of human and animal rights in the reviewed works. The editors have the responsibility to refuse the study when there is no approval of the ethics committee on the subjects used in the study and there is no permission for experimental research. In studies that require ethics committee permission, information about the permission (name of the committee, date and number) should be included in the method section and also on the first/last page of the article. In case reports, it is necessary to include information that the informed consent/consent form was signed in the article.

7. POSSIBLE ABUSE AND FRAUD MEASURES

Editors take precautions against possible abuse and misconduct. In addition to conducting a rigorous and objective investigation regarding the detection and evaluation of complaints regarding this situation, the responsibilities of the editor share the relevant findings with the competent authorities.

8. ENSURING ACADEMIC PUBLICATION INTEGRITY

Editors ensure that decisions that include errors, inconsistencies or misleading in the works are corrected quickly.

9. PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

Editors are obliged to protect the intellectual property rights of all published articles and to defend the rights of the journal and authors in case of possible violations, and to take the necessary measures to ensure that the content of all published articles does not violate the intellectual property rights of other publications.

10. CONSTRUCTION AND DISCUSSION

Editors take into account the criticisms to be made against the works published in the journal and display a constructive attitude towards these criticisms in line with the purpose and scope of the journal. The authors of the criticized works have the right to reply. Studies with negative results are rejected.

11. COMPLAINTS

Editors are responsible for carefully reviewing complaints and responding to authors, reviewers or readers in an enlightening and explanatory manner.

12. POLITICAL AND COMMERCIAL CONCERNS

The owner of the journal, its publisher and no other political or commercial factor can influence the independent decisions of the editors.

13. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Editors assure and assure authors and reviewers that the publication process of the journal will be maintained independently and impartially.

14. PRIVACY STATEMENT

Personal information such as names and e-mail addresses entered in the journal management system of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) will only be used for the scientific purposes of this journal. This information will not be used for any other purpose or department and will not be shared with third parties.

15. ARCHIVING POLICY

Metadata and full texts of all articles published in the Journal of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) are stored in XML and .pdf formats on a 3rd party cloud server in an inaccessible manner. In addition, all articles are stored and presented in .pdf format on ULAKBİM servers through TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM Journals Database (DergiPark).